This special issue of Defect and Diffusion Forum contains selected refereed papers presented at the Seventh International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids (DSL-2011) held at the Hilton Vilamoura Algarve, Portugal during the period 26th-30th June, 2011. The goal of the conference was to provide a unique opportunity to exchange information, to present the latest results as well as to review the relevant issues on contemporary diffusion research. Young scientists were especially encouraged to attend the conference and to establish international networks with well-known scientists.

This book brings together 389 pieces of peer-reviewed papers on Manufacturing Science and Measuring Technology. This book promotes the development of Manufacturing Science and Measuring Technology, strengthening the international academic cooperation and communications, and exchanging research ideas. This book provides the readers a broad overview of the latest advances in the field of manufactureing science and measuring technology.

The objective of this ICMEP 2012 is to provide a forum for the discussion of new developments, recent progress, and innovations in the Manufacturing Engineering and Process. It addresses all aspects of design methods of them. The emphasis is on current and future challenges in research and development in both academia and industry.

This proceeding collects all the invited and contributing articles presented at Chiang Mai International Conference on Biomaterials & Applications (CMICBA 2011). The main theme of the conference is emphasized on (a) biomaterials science and related disciplines including mathematics, physics, biology and chemistry, in conjunction with (b) applications of biomaterials in areas such as the life sciences, cosmetics, agriculture and the environment.

This special issue of Trends in Automotive Research contains papers contributed to the Regional Conference on Automotive Research (ReCAR) 2011 held on 14-15^th December 2011 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This conference was organised by Centre for Automotive Research (CAR), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

This book includes 69 articles selected from papers presented during the 26^th Regional Conference on Solid State Science and Technology, 22-24 November 2011, in Seremban, Malaysia. The major topics covered in this book are: (i) biomaterials, polymer and composite (ii) ceramic, dielectric, glass and optical material, (iii) metal and alloy, (iv) nanoscience and nanotechnology, (v) semiconductor, thin film and device, (vi) superconductor and magnetic material and (vii) theory, simulation, modeling and related area. This book is useful for researcher and scientists in the area of advanced materials and nanotechnology. It covers the latest development in materials preparation, characterization, theory and application.

The present volume contains selected papers from the proceeding of International Conference on History of Mechanical Technology and Mechanical Design -2012(ICHMTMD2012). The conference is developed from China-Japan International Conference on History of Mechanical Technology (CJICHMT). There are more than 100 papers submitted to International Conference on History of Mechanical Technology and Mechanical Design-2012 from Mainland China, Taiwan and Janpan. All of the papers were subjected to peer review by at least two expert referees, and some excellent papers were selected to publish in this volume.

The International Conference on Diffusion in Materials (DIMAT) is the historical conference about diffusion in solids. DIMAT 2011 was organized by the Universite de Bourgogne in association with the CNRS in Dijon (France). The conference presented new results about theoretical tools but also applied research approaches. Diffusion concerns all types of materials: nanomaterials, materials for energy, metallurgy, glasses or ceramics, but needs to develop it own numerical tools. This volume contains the major part of the contributions presented at DIMAT 2011: 4 plenary lectures given by famous and high level scientists and 88 contributions given as keynote lectures, talks and posters.

2012 International Symposium on Polymer Composites and Polymer Testing (ISPCPT 2012) is the premier forum for the presentation of technological advances and research results in the fields of polymer composites and polymer testing. ISPCPT 2012 will bring together leading engineers and scientists in polymer composites and polymer testing from around the world. All submissions will be peer reviewed and evaluated based on originality, technical and/or research content/depth, correctness, relevance to conference, contributions, and readability. Submissions will be chosen based on technical merit, interest, applicability, and how well they fit a coherent and balanced technical program.

Materials processing is an important and essential process for the formation of usable products. It is one of the major wealth-generating activities that create the economic basis for genuine improvements in the quality of human life. With the increasing requirements for the production of high precision, high integrity and high density devices and systems in our modern life, materials processing has become more important than ever before. Following the previous eight publications for the series of “Asia-Pacific Conference on Materials Processing”, this book presents the latest development in this field on new understanding of the underlying mechanisms and new technologies for materials processing to meet the increasing needs of industry. This book is a collection of selected, peer-reviewed papers contributed from around the world. The topics covered in this book include new development and applications in subtractive processes including advanced and non-traditional processes and abrasive machining, micro/nano-fabrication, material forming, new techniques for the processing of materials and understanding of underlying principles and materials performance enhancement. This book provides a valuable reference for researchers in the materials processing field who wish to further understand the underlying mechanisms and create new and practical technologies, systems and processes. It should also be particularly useful for practicing engineers in materials processing who are responsible for the efficient and effective operations.